Participatory Research

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Action research in universities and higher education worldwide
(SAGE Publications, 2015) Boden, Rebecca; Greenwood, Davydd J; Hall, Budd L; Levin, Morten; Marshall, Judi; Wright, Susan
The Sage Encyclopedia of Action Research is a two-volume work of entries on action research, compiled by a team of editors and specialists in different areas of the field. Greenwood specializes in general action research, while Coughlan and Dick specialize in organization development. Brydon-Miller, Flicker and Hall work in community-based action research, and Friedman in organizational behaviour. Sankaran specializes in action research as a meta-methodology, Gaya in agency and activism, and Zhao in educational action research. Guhathakurta, Jaitli and Tandon specialize in participatory action research. The editors sought entries from 200 researchers. The topics are extensive and include biographies of well-respected action researchers, concepts, epistemologies, ethics, goals, methods, methodologies, organizations and movements, philosophical underpinnings, settings, skills, spirituality, theories and tools.
Bridging knowledge cultures: Rebalancing power in the Co-Construction of knowledge
(Brill, 2024) Lepore, Walter; Hall, Budd L; Tandon, Rajesh
Establishing truly respectful, mutually beneficial, and equitable knowledge creation partnerships with diverse communities poses significant challenges for academia. Bridging Knowledge Cultures provides valuable insights into the dynamics involved and the obstacles encountered when attempting to establish meaningful research partnerships between different knowledge domains. This book goes beyond exploration by offering practical recommendations to overcome these challenges and forge effective collaboration between mainstream research institutions and community groups and organizations. This book includes ten compelling case studies conducted by research and training hubs established through the global Knowledge for Change Consortium. These case studies encompass community-university research partnerships across various geographical locations, tackling a wide range of societal issues and acknowledging the wealth of knowledge created by local communities. The overarching goal of this book is to inspire the next generation of researchers and professionals to embrace the richness of diverse perspectives and knowledge cultures. By advocating for the construction of "bridges" through practical approaches, the book encourages a shift from competition to collaboration in research. Ultimately, it aims to foster an environment where different forms of knowledge can intersect and thrive, leading to a more inclusive and comprehensive understanding of the world around us.
Understanding design of organisation
(Participatory Research in Asia (PRIA), 2001-08-25) Tandon, Rajesh
This text by Dr. Rajesh Tandon presents a comprehensive analysis of the structure and process of understanding organizations and NGOs and navigates strategies to their management. The text describes models as conceptual tools for analyzing organizational behaviour, emphasizing the organization as an open social system and provides a systems theory for it. It explains missions and purposes of an organisation and lists its required inputs and desired outputs. The text further identifies and describes five key components of organizational design, technology, tasks, human resources, formal organizational structure, and informal organization. It analyses the concept of congruence, arguing that organizational effectiveness depends on the degree to which these components fit together and presents the congruence hypothesis arguing that greater the fit between components, the more effective the organization will be in achieving its mission. The text identifies types of NGOs and addresses several critical issues for NGO management such as compatibility with organizing elements, size and informal structure, hierarchy, and organisational changes. It further discusses the differences arising from different ideologies and operational strategies and the need for NGOs to manage relationships with multiple constituencies. The text concludes that organizations are complex social systems requiring analysis at multiple levels and aspects and that a successful organisation requires effective division of work and integration of efforts.
Participatory impact assessment: A pilot programme in South Asia.
(Voluntary Agencies Support Scheme (VASS), 2002-03) Quinn, Marion; Clark, Kevin
This report documents a South Asian pilot programme on Participatory Impact Assessment and argues that evaluation must move beyond expert-led measurement of outputs toward a continuous and democratic process in which communities themselves analyse change, define priorities, and shape future action. Drawing on experiences from India and Bangladesh, it shows how participatory approaches deepen both the quality and meaning of impact assessment by placing people’s lived realities at the center. Through methods such as group discussions, mapping, interviews, ranking, and reflective exercises, communities were able to examine shifts in confidence, leadership, access to services, household decision making, and collective organisation. The process also brought forward unintended outcomes, local constraints, and concerns that are often overlooked in conventional evaluations. A key contribution of the report is its insistence that impact assessment should happen throughout the project cycle rather than only at the end. When undertaken in a participatory manner, evaluation becomes not just a tool of measurement but a means of learning, accountability, and institutional improvement. It strengthens community capacities, deepens ownership, and helps organisations remain responsive to changing realities. This report is an important resource for understanding how people centered approaches can make development practice more accountable, reflective, and meaningful.
Involving communities in planning and assessing the impacts of development programmes: Report on a pacific NGO workshop on participatory approaches to development, Nadi, Fiji, 23–25 June
(2023-06-23) Quinn, Marion; Clark, Kevin
This report documents a Pacific NGO workshop on participatory approaches to development held in Fiji in 2003, aimed at strengthening the capacities of civil society organisations to use participatory impact assessment, stakeholder analysis, indicator setting, and community based monitoring in their own contexts. Its central concern is how development can move beyond expert driven models toward processes where primary stakeholders influence decisions, resources, and outcomes. The report covers practical sessions on identifying stakeholders, understanding gender relations, designing meaningful indicators, collecting and analysing data, and using participatory tools such as mapping, ranking, focus groups, seasonal calendars, and time use studies. Through examples from Pacific countries, it shows how communities can define priorities, generate knowledge, and evaluate change on their own terms. This report offers an important lesson that monitoring and evaluation are not merely technical exercises but democratic processes linked to power, voice, and accountability. It demonstrates that when communities participate from the beginning of a project cycle, development interventions become more relevant, more sustainable, and more responsive to local realities.
Participatory impact assessment. August 20- 25, 2001
(Particiaptory Research in Asia (PRIA), 2001-08-25) Dwivedi, Anju
How can development interventions be made more accountable to the people they are meant to serve? In this paper, Anju Dwivedi examines how participatory impact assessment can reframe conventional approaches to evaluation by placing communities at the center of the process. She begins by tracing shifts in development thinking from a focus on economic growth in the 1950s to an increasing emphasis on participation and human development by the 1990s, where people’s involvement became central. Dwivedi argues that social development is not a linear process that can be captured through simple output and outcome measures. Impact must instead be understood as change from a given starting point, including intended and unintended effects on people’s lives. Participatory impact assessment therefore becomes a continuous process across the project cycle, engaging communities and other stakeholders in defining indicators, collecting data, and interpreting findings. The paper also foregrounds the importance of integrating a gender lens to understand differentiated impacts. For practitioners and researchers, this paper offers a grounded way to rethink impact assessment as a political and learning process rather than a technical exercise.
Training on participatory research methodologies. September 18-22, 2017
(2017-09-22) Participatory Research in Asia (PRIA)
Report on training of master trainers' in CBPR 07–09 June, 2022
(Participatory Research in Asia (PRIA), 2022-06-09) Rakhyani, Nikita
To change the world: Latin American contributions to the development of participatory research
(2021) Hall, Budd L
Budd Hall traces the Latin American roots of participatory research through the scholars who shaped his own thinking, Paulo Freire, Joao Bosco Pinto, Francisco Vio Grossi, Carlos Rodrigues Brandao and Orlando Fals Borda. He locates the origins of this research tradition not in Europe or North America but in the independence and democracy struggles of the global South during the 1960s and 70s. Freire's idea of reading the world through dialogue and thematic investigation, Pinto's place-based praxis in Brazil, Vio Grossi's work linking participatory research to historical materialism, Brandao's distinction between solitary, solidarity and participant research, and Fals Borda's four principles for working with grassroots communities each receive attention. The account closes with Fals Borda's idea of sentipensantes, people who think and feel at once, as a guiding image for knowledge workers committed to social transformation.
Regionalizing the UNESCO knowledge for change consortium: K4C at the ESC!
(UNESCO Chair, 2023-10-05) Mercy, Nkatha

Participatory Research

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