Decolonised Knowledge

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    50th anniversary edition of pedagogy of the oppressed
    (2020) Hall, Budd L
    Why has Pedagogy of the Oppressed remained one of the most influential works in educational thought for more than five decades? In this review, Dr. Budd L. Hall critically examines the 50th Anniversary Edition of Paulo Freire’s foundational work and explores the reasons for its enduring global impact. Drawing on personal recollections from his time in 1970s Tanzania, Hall reflects on how Freire's philosophy shaped early radical adult literacy initiatives. The review emphasizes that the strength of Freire’s work emerged from its close connection to the experiences of marginalized communities and literacy movements in Brazil, where dialogue and collective reflection became tools for understanding and challenging oppression. This is further enriched by contributions from Donaldo Macedo and Ira Shor, whose writings in the anniversary edition highlight the continuing relevance of Freire’s ideas in a world marked by inequality and political polarization. Ultimately, the review concludes that Freire's work remains significant because it demonstrates how education can enable marginalized communities to understand, challenge, and transform oppressive social conditions.
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    Seeing like a citizen’ re-claiming citizenship in a neoliberal world. November 28-29,2005
    (Institute of Development Studies, 2005-11-29) Gaventa, John
    What does it mean to be a citizen, and how is that meaning shifting under neoliberalism? In this paper, Prof. John Gaventa discusses how citizenship has increasingly moved away from a rights centered approach towards a more consumption-based approach. Depoliticised notions of citizenship have taken precedence under neoliberalism, where individuals are framed as consumers, users, voters, or beneficiaries rather than as rights bearing actors in their own right. He situates this shift within broader transformations of the state as well, which is not simply withdrawing but is being reconfigured to actively advance market logics, often weakening its role as a guarantor of rights. Through this paper, Gaventa proposes “reversing the telescope” by centering the perspectives of citizens as actors in development processes. This approach foregrounds what he terms thick forms of citizenship, where participation, contestation, and collective action are central. Moving beyond market, state and democracy first forms of citizenship, he argues that placing citizens first enables a re-politicisation of citizenship, strengthening claims to rights, accountability, and more meaningful democratic engagement.
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    A policy brief on knowledge mobilization: The power of creativity and action
    (UNESCO Chair, 2022-05-11) Hall, Budd L; Tandon, Rajesh
    This brief fits within the Data and Knowledge Production theme, but also relates to the Futures of Higher Education and the Higher Education and the SDGs themes. If we are to meet the challenges of our times, the research produced within higher education institutions and their partners needs a dramatic shift from the academic mode of knowledge production to a societal mode of knowledge production and sharing. it will require that attention be given to the creation of locally contextualised knowledge with priorities for action that affect the everyday lives of people where they live and work. The Active participation of local stake-holders---community, local governments, local business, women & youth-in co-producing and sharing the knowledge of such local solutions can be facilitated through their involvement in the research process. Knowledge mobilization (KmB) is therefore called for. Our brief provides a context for understanding the need for KmB as well as providing examples of how creative or arts-based approaches to KmB have been proven to be effective.
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    The knowledge for change global consortium
    (Participatory Research in Asia (PRIA), 2021-11-04) Kaul, Niharika
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    Decolonization of knowledge, epistemicide, participatory research, and higher education
    (UCL Press, 2017) Hall, Budd L; Tandon, Rajesh
    This article raises questions about what the word ‘knowledge’ refers to. Drawn from some 40 years of collaborative work on knowledge democracy, the authors suggest that higher education institutions today are working with a very small part of the extensive and diverse knowledge systems in the world. Following from de Sousa Santos, they illustrate how Western knowledge has been engaged in epistemicide, or the killing of other knowledge systems. Community-based participatory research is about knowledge as an action strategy for change and about the rendering visible of the excluded knowledges of our remarkable planet. Knowledge stories, theoretical dimensions of knowledge democracy and the evolution of community-based participatory research partnerships are highlighted.
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    An emerging global civil society? Implications for learning and work
    (2000) Hall, Budd L
    What role can adult education play in strengthening global civil society and democratic social change? In this paper, Dr. Budd Hall explores the meanings, uses, and utility of global civil society as both a concept and a lived political practice, tracing its emergence alongside the deepening contradictions of economic globalization. The author argues that global civil society is not an actor itself but a space where social movement organizations, international advocacy networks, non-governmental organizations, and citizen groups interact, resist, and reimagine world politics. Based on theorists including Lipschutz, Hyden, Boulding, and Gramsci, the paper examines why this concept has gained urgency now, pointing to the erosion of state sovereignty; the proliferation of NGOs across the majority world, the growing disillusionment with market-driven globalization, and the shipwreck, as Latouche puts it, of the grand society that has left hundreds of millions as castaways. Networking emerges as the defining practice of global civil society: informal, flexible, decentralized, and capable of rapid mobilization across borders. The paper then turns to adult education, arguing it has a distinctive and underutilized role in strengthening the learning dimensions of global civil society. Transformative adult education, the author contends, supports shifts away from consumerist growth models toward life-affirming, democratically produced visions of collective life, making it not peripheral to global civil society but central to its survival.
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    An introduction to the Ekoln letter on universities in the era of climate change
    (2021) Masschelein, Jan; Lotz-Sisitka, Heila; Hall, Budd L; O’Brien, Karen; Dinerstein, Ana; Andreo, Vanessa; Thiel, Pella; Eiríksdó r, Lovísa; Chabay, Ilan; Hine, Dougald; Wright, Sue; Barrineau, Sanna; Barne, Ronald; Stein, Sharon; Stoddard, Isak; Webster, Noah Sobe; Facer, Keri; Kulundu-Bolus, Injairu
    When we think about the climate crisis and the big changes happening to our planet, we must ask ourselves, What should universities do to help?" The authors of The Ekoln Letters: Universities in the Era of Climate Change, including Keri Facer and other contributors, try to answer this question. They wrote this paper as an introduction to a collection of letters that scholars, activists, artists, and educators exchanged with each other in 2020 after a big meeting they planned got cancelled because of the COVID-19 pandemic. The paper looks at how universities can do more than just address individual aspects of the climate crisis. It considers the broader social, cultural, and ecological changes that are needed in response to these challenges. The authors explore themes of sustainability, institutional transformation, and the role of universities in responding to ecological and social change. They critically examine how universities are currently structured and reimagine what they might become in the future. Through these reflections and exchanges, the paper highlights the need for universities to become spaces of dialogue, collective care, and shared responsibility, capable of engaging meaningfully with the uncertainty and complexity that define the era of climate change.
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    Against epistemicide: Decolonising higher education
    (2020) Hall, Budd L; Tandon, Rajesh
    How have knowledge systems been shaped by histories of enclosure and dispossession? In this reflective essay, Dr. Budd Hall and Dr. Rajesh Tandon examine how colonisation and the enclosing of knowledge are embedded within the same paradigm through which capital was accumulated by dispossession, as theorised by David Harvey. Drawing parallels with the enclosure movement in England, they argue that common lands were gradually privatised, displacing those who depended on them. In a similar way, wealth extracted through colonisation helped build universities that enclosed knowledge within their walls, regulating who could access it and who could legitimately produce it. These enclosures determined which knowledge systems were recognised and legitimised and which were dismissed as irrational, reinforcing distinctions between knowers and non-knowers. The essay traces how these processes continue to shape contemporary academic institutions and their authority over what counts as legitimate knowledge. In response, the authors describe the establishment of the UNESCO Chair in Community Based Research and Social Responsibility in Higher Education as a deliberate effort to reverse the colonisation of knowledge systems by creating structures and processes for the co-creation of knowledge with social movements and civil society partners, grounded in a commitment to epistemic justice.