2025-04-302025-04-300000http://192.9.200.215:4000/handle/123456789/556This document explores how participation in development projects can be effectively monitored and evaluated using both quantitative and qualitative indicators. It emphasizes the importance of involving beneficiaries in defining and assessing these indicators to capture the depth and quality of participation. Examples from international projects, such as the FAO and FAUP, illustrate how participatory monitoring and evaluation (M&E) enhances ownership and sustainability. The document also highlights challenges in using qualitative measures and stresses the need for contextual adaptation.This annex discusses the identification and use of indicators for measuring and assessing participation in development projects. Checklists of quantitative and qualitative indicators are provided and their application in a limited number of examples is discussed, especially in relation to the project framework. For project frameworks (PFs), quantitative indicators which are also proxies for qualitative outcomes may be appropriate in some cases. The significance and meaning of these proxies can be elaborated in the main text of a project document. Building in specific time referents to indicators, and ensuring disaggregation of project target groups, can reduce their ambiguity, and direct project managers' attention to the phasing of participation.enMonitoring and Evaluation (M&E)Participatory M&EEmpowermentCommunity InvolvementProject frameworksTechnical Report