2025-04-292025-04-290000http://192.9.200.215:4000/handle/123456789/544Observation as a core research method in sociology, ranging from informal noticing to structured study. It highlights the difference between participant and nonparticipant observation, including their strengths and limitations. Students are encouraged to be more aware of social behavior during fieldwork. Real-life examples show how researchers enter and study communities effectively.Science begins with observation and must ultimately return to observation for its final validation. The sociologist must, then, train himself to observe carefully. If he can become a good observer he will start his investigation with more data at his disposal, be less likely to forget that his object of study is social behavior, and be able to maintain a continual check on his conclusions more easily. Observation may take many forms and is at once the most primitive and the most modern of research techniques. It includes the most casual, uncontrolled experiences as well as the most exact film records of laboratory experimentation. There are many observational techniques, and each has its uses. Since the student should be able to choose which tools are most suitable for his research project, it is worth while to discuss these procedures, from the least to the most formal.enObservationSocial BehaviorData StandardizationQuasi-participantFieldworkBook chapter