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    Community Participation
    (2000) Tandon, Rajesh
    The decade of the seventies began to generate a critique of the dominant development paradigm which was practiced in the countries of the North after the second World War and adopted in the newly independent countries of the South in the fifties and the sixties. The experiences of the fifties and the sixties has demonstrated the fundamental weakness of the top-down, GNP-focused, growth-centred strategy of development based on professional expertise and modernising technologies. The critique of this strategy of development was developed from the experiences in a variety of sectors in the countries of the South in general, and in India in particular. The critique was applied to education, social welfare, health, agriculture, etc. With the convening of the 'Health for All by the Year 2000 in the mid seventies the focus of health care delivery shifted from expertise and high technology to what came to be known as primary health care. The cornerstone of this approach of primary health care, according to the declarations of Alma Atal and subsequent reports of a variety of committees and studies, was proclaimed as community participation.
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    Working as Equals—Towards a Community-Based Evaluation System
    (Community Development Journal, 1983) Pagaduan, Maureen; Ferrer, Elmer M.
    This paper discusses the Makapawa programme, a health initiative set in Leyte, Philippines, in 1976, focused on addressing rural health challenges through a community-based evaluation system. The programme aimed to improve health outcomes by involving local communities in identifying issues and implementing solutions. It also critiques traditional health evaluation methods, emphasizing the importance of participatory research and community involvement in health programme evaluation. The paper explores the economic and political context of health disparities in the region and introduces a phased approach to community-based evaluation.

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