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Item Participatory Research(0000) Tandon, RajeshDuring the last decade, major debate has taken place on the inadequacies of models and strategies of development initiated during the 50s and 60s. Bulk of the criticism has centred around the lien and western nature of these development models and strategies and top-down approach centred on technology and economism. It has been argued that people's participation in their own development is the only alternative towards solving major problems confronting the world in general and the developed countries in particular. As a result, now efforts have been Launched in different settings to mobilise and organize local groups to take charge of their own development through the process of collective action in their common interest. moreover, new awareness of such ongoing efforts has also developed among those concerned with the problems of development.Item Participatory Research, Educational Experience and Empowerment of Adults(Society for Participatory Research in Asia, 1985-01) Tandon, RajeshThe last three decades have seen an increasingly diverse range of models and theories of social change. The implementation of these models in developing countries like India have brought mixed results. While some improvements for example, in overall agricultural production has taken place, the situation of more than half the rural population has not improved, if not worsened. Starting from community development in the 50s as the basic pro-gramme for changing the situation in rural India, we now have people-centred models of development. These models emphasise the principle of people's participation in developing themselves.Item Participatory Research and Action in India(Indian Social Institute, 0000) Fernandes, WalterThis paper examines the evolution and current state of participatory research in India. By analyzing historical and social contexts from the 1950s to the 1970s, it highlights the role of middle-class students, social movements, and voluntary action groups in shaping a response to socio-economic challenges. The disillusionment with capital-intensive and elitist development models, and the emergence of non-party political forces, underscores the need for participatory approaches as tools for empowerment and societal transformation. The study also discusses various experiments and reflections on land-grabbing movements, awareness-building, and political activism.