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    Action-Research: Assumptions and Practice
    (Public Enterprises Centre for Continuing Education, 0000) Tandon, Rajesh
    This paper discusses the assumptions and practices associated with action-research in social science. It critiques the classical enquiry approach, focusing on its assumptions about knowledge generation, objectivity, and the separation between researcher and subject. It explores the ideological, epistemological, and methodological aspects of action-research, highlighting its cyclical nature and the integration of understanding with change. The paper contrasts the traditional approach to research with action-research, emphasizing the value of subjective experience, experiential learning, and intervention in social systems as legitimate means of knowledge generation.
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    African Regional Workshop on Participatory Research (1-7 July): "From Clarity to Anarchy – Participatory Research Approach"
    (PRIA, 1979-07) Tandon, Rajesh
    This paper critiques the lead presentation on the Participatory Research Approach (PRA) presented at the African Regional Workshop. It outlines the origins, varying perspectives, and methodological implications of PRA, highlighting tensions between researcher activism and knowledge generation. The paper examines philosophical roots, such as existentialism, and contrasts PRA’s eclectic, multi-modal methods with the more controlled methodologies of classical research approaches. Tandon addresses PRA’s seeming ‘anarchy’ and its accommodation of activist perspectives, emphasizing the method’s implications for social action in Third World contexts.

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